A Child Soldiers Life Essay Example

A Child Soldiers Life Essay The life of a child soldier is not an easy one; it’s full of violence and bloodshed. Children from most ages get recruited and are forced to do things that they are against, things that are against their beliefs. But although child soldiers suffer through many mental disorders, they can still be respectable adults. They go through many things, the recruiting itself, then the violence, after comes the horrifying rehabilitation and last they are finally reintegrated into society.In A Long Way Gone, Ishmael suffered from these things, himself explaining that at some point in his life, he just went numb to everything (Beah 121). Throughout Africa, rebel groups, and the army itself, have been recruiting children who are between the ages of 11-16, to fight. These children get to see and do traumatic things that can harm any young child. For example, when Ishmael gets found by the rebels, he first gets chosen along a few of his friends, and then gets thrown back in the line, the seco nd time, his brother was chosen.The rebels told his brother’s group that they needed to â€Å"show you blood and make you strong† by killing the other half of the group (Beah 31-35). Here, it shows the brutality that the rebels use to recruit children, and here is where the mental issues start, seeing how the children will be traumatized by the fact that they killed someone. After a while in the army, the children are then discharged and taken to the rehabilitation center so they can let go of their past and start moving on.In the book A Long Way Gone, Ishmael’s nurse, Esther, tries to help this distraught Ishmael through everything he has gone through, and making him talk about it seemed to be the most effective (Beah 152-160). The first few months are the worst because these kids are thinking like they’re still in war, and their minds run like a machine gun, only stopping when you don’t pull the trigger. They also have to go through the withdrawa l stage, since they cannot have any more drugs.There is one program that helps them through the entire rehabilitation state, and it’s the DDR (Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration). This program takes away their guns and anything that remind them of the war, like the drugs, after they put the child in a rehabilitation center and try to give them a new cycle, like going to school and such and last they reintegrate them into society, both socially, economically and emotionally (â€Å"Recent Developments in International Rehabilitation of Child Soldiers†).Different methods are taken to help these children rehabilitate, but none the less, they are rehabilitated, and helped, taken away from the war and returned to their childhoods. After the children are rehabilitated, they are reintegrated into society with the hope that they will continue their lives violence-free. Actual studies have been made to evaluate the process of the children after they are rehabilitated and thrown back into society.In the study, children who had killed someone increased levels in hostility, others who survived rape also had high levels of anxiety and hostility but they had shown greater confidence and prosocial attitudes. At the end of the study, the improved community acceptance lowered levels of depression and improved confidence and prosocial attitudes despite the violent past. (Betancourt, â€Å"Sierra Leone’s Former Child Soldiers: A Follow-up Study of Psychological Adjustment and Community Reintegration†).The study showed that despite their violent past, they overcame it, let go of it and had some positive effects when they were put back in society. Throughout a child soldier’s life, they experience incredible things, and along those lines, they also suffer greatly. They went into war to make a family of their squad, only to get torn away from them when they were discharged, after finished rehabilitation they were thrown into society to m end for themselves. After so much suffering, a lot of people admire the bravery these children have, and admire the fact that they overcome their past and often find peace in themselves.

Electra Complex essays

Electra Complex essays The Electra Complex refers to a girl's desire for her father and dislike for her mother. This Electra Complex actually derived from the male version of it, which is called the Oedipus Complex. The Oedipus Complex was first described by Sigmund Freud, whose theory suggested that a boy goes through a phallic stage between the ages of three and five. While going through this stage the boy feels sexual desire for his mother, sees the father as competition for this desire and so rejects or dislikes the father. At the same time though, the boy knows that he needs his father. This creates the conflict which the boy must resolve. This is generally resolved by the boy identifying with his father. In Freud's theory, this process leads to the child developing their gender identity. The Electra Complex was later added to the theory by Carl Jung, with the Electra Complex describing the female version of the same process. This refers to a girl feeling desire for her father and rejecting her mother, while also knowing that the needs her mother. This creates the conflict, which the girl resolves by identifying with her mother. The end result is that the girl comes to view herself as being female and develops Before continuing any further, it is worth noting that both Jung and Freud considered these processes to be subconscious ones. The girl's desire for her father is not a conscious desire, instead it is an unconscious one, as is the end result of developing her gender identity. While the process is considered unconscious, like many people, Jung had trouble accepting Freud's strong focus on sexuality and desire. This led Jung to eventually reject Freud's view of the Electra Complex. Jung noted that relationships for both boys and girls were not as straightforward as Freud suggested. Instead, Jung noted that some boys rejected their mothers and felt closer to thei...

My Desired Goals and Objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

My Desired Goals and Objectives - Essay Example After our arrival in the United States, I decided to do some job so that I could remain busy. My strength in speaking fluent English, German, and some French immediately gave me the idea to look for a job at an international firm. As I was going through job advertisements, I realized that bookkeepers were quite in demand in the United States. So I joined an accounting training program to learn how to do bookkeeping with the QuickBooks software, learning the American way of accounting at the same time. Graduating from a business high school, I already knew how to do bookkeeping. Moreover, I had also gained some management skills by completing an associate degree in Fashion Merchandising Management from the Budapest Business School and by working as a professional in a company located in Budapest. Working for the Levi Strauss Ltd. in Budapest provided me with the managerial experience in an international environment. After four months of continuous job search, I was able to find a bookkeeper/office manager job in Les MÃ ©talliers Champenois, which was, at that time, an affiliated company located in New Jersey. The parent company was located in France whereas LMC was the affiliated company having French owners. The reason behind affiliation with the American company was the change in the market trend in France. Due to change in the market trend, the parent company started developing a new line of product, reorganizing its facility, and developing a new production line. The bronze casements, such as, windows and doors, were not unique in the market. Therefore, the parent company in France decided to start a new affiliated company in the U.S. to sell the new line of products, bronze windows, and door casements. Although both companies shared the same name and had the same line of products but they were different in organization and management. During my interview for the job in that company, I trie d to stress on the benefits that the company could get by hiring me instead of talking about the great opportunity of doing job in that company. I also did not talk anything about how the job could allow me to do the things that I had never done before. I was very focused about the benefits which I could bring for the company, allowing the interviewers to see how deeply I was interested in that job. I had learned a long time ago that taking on additional responsibilities would definitely provide me with an experience that would pay off later in my life. As the location was just across the street of their other affiliated company, I was hired to set up a new office and to perform all administrative tasks with a help of a French intern. Although the task was quite challenging but it was very exciting at the same time. In the new building, we really had to start from the scratch. We had to purchase furnishing, computers, office machines, and supplies for the new building. There was als o a bathroom that had to be remodeled to accommodate all New Jersey regulations. I had to find a suitable contractor who could perform the work in the shortest time with a friendly budget. I was able to find a contractor who was willing to work with one of our employee from our LMC workshop that also helped to reduce the final cost of remodeling. After submitting all documents and a copy of work permit to the city of Paterson, the work started. Our budget was somewhat tight, so we tried to save money on labor and buy used

Quit Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Quit Now - Essay Example On the other hand it is a deadly poison and when taken in large doses can lead to death. It is of prime importance to take the issue seriously and help smokers get rid of their smoking habits. This requires discipline and dedication from the smokers and everyone around him. The smoker must be convinced that quitting is the only option to avoid injuring his health and those around him. Cigarette smoking involves inhaling nicotine a tobacco extract. This is directly absorbed by lungs. The harmful effect of nicotine on lungs is the high risk of contracting lung cancer. 90% of all the cases of lung cancer are caused due to cigarette smoking. This is because contains carcinogenic factors. The risk of death due to lung cancer is high and is coupled with huge amount of suffering for the patient for long time. The damage to the respiratory system is largely irreversible if smoking is continued for large periods of time. The oxidative stress generated by smoking mutates DNA and promotes atherosclerosis. The long term injury to lungs can be lethal if the smoker does not quit. In addition to lung cancer smoking increases the risk of contracting oral cancer, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and degeneration of all organs involved in respiratory system. The person often feels tired and fatigued.

Micro economics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Micro economics - Term Paper Example Aside from stocks and bonds, other investment instruments are mutual funds, stock options, and other financial derivative securities, which are briefly defined and described here. A stock is ownership of a corporation represented by shares that are a claim on the corporation’s earnings and assets (Downes, John & Goodman, Jordon Elliot, p. 556, Barron’s Educational Series). The price of a stock is the equivalent of the present value of all future dividends; it is also the present value of a dividend stream for the number of years it would have been held, plus the present value of the anticipated price of the stock after that time period (Block, Stanley B. & Hirt, Geoffrey A., p. 284, McGraw-Hill Irwin). Common stocks entitle the shareholder to received dividends in stocks and bonds, and to vote in the election of directors and other matters taken up at shareholder meetings or by proxy (Downes, John & Goodman, Jordon Elliot, p. 556, Barron’s Educational Series). The stock market is the general term referring to the organized trading of securities through the various exchanges and the over-the-counter market (Downes, John & Goodman, Jordon Elliot, p. 563, Barron’s Educational Series). It is likely that the role played by the market in gathering and disclosing information may be more important for large firms because their stocks are traded more often and are followed by many analysts (Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Maksimovic, Vojislav, p. 49, Finance & Development). Small firms may not benefit as much from stock market development, at least initially, because their access may be limited by high fixed issuance costs (Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Maksimovic, Vojislav, p. 49, Finance & Development). Even the stock of small firms that are listed on an exchange may not be traded as often as the stock of larger firms, since it

Goals Systems Theory: Overview

Goals Systems Theory: Overview Jenna Lyles Section B 1. Equifinality: To understand the system property of Equifinality is to understand the old adage â€Å"There’s more than one way to skin a cat.† This means that ultimately the guarantee of success is not reliant on taking/completing any singular path, procedure, or means of fulfilling a system goal. No one way is the only way, as there are multiple ways in which an organization can reach its goal(s). Equifinality Example: This can be exemplified in the University of Central Florida’s attempt to garner more football game attendance. Initially the university promised large amounts of Link Loot. 1,000 Link Loot points if you come out to the UCF game! (The campaign sought to boost school spirit and morale. I mean, where else do you fully immerse yourself in the college experience if not at your university’s football games?) This attempt was successful, primarily amongst freshman, to whom the idea of Link Look seemed especially promising (it doesn’t fully hit you how broke you are until you’re sitting in your freshman community dorm eating a 38-cent cup of Ramen) because it promoted the chance at winning a scholarship. Game attendance did indeed rise, but then, UCF implemented a new tactic. UCF eventually ended the Link Loot process towards the end of 2012. This posed a problem, how would UCF keep attendance at a high? They university had to think of anothe r way—take another route—to ensure game attendance stay peaked. Well they found one indeed. When UCF started winning its football games we all noticed how much the advertising and broadcasting of our commendable record all over campus shot up. It seemed everywhere you turned our undefeated record was thrown in your face. Naturally, people that lacked school spirit or any interest in showing up at the game only to watch UCF get stomped, picked up. Attendance reached an through the roof again because of UCF’s steady effort to get the word out that the University of Central Florida meant business on the field this year. Thus, we have two different means of garnering football game attendance that were able to work interchangeably. The variety used meet the system goal (high football game attendance) stemmed from two different changes which yielded the same result. 2. Multifinality: Multifinality is the system property that can best be epitomized in â€Å"the pursuit of multiple goals by means of a single activity (Shah et al., 2002). Essentially, it is the notion that one act has the power to spawn multiple reactions. Multifinality is preferable to causes which produce one effect as multifinality is the equivalent of getting an exceptional bang for a regular buck, so to speak. Multifinality Example: At Oakleaf High School when one class ends a bell sounds signaling that students are to proceed to their next class a minute before the tardy bell (which declares them late if they have not reached their next destination) sounds a â€Å"warning bell† sounds. This let’s students know that they have approximately 60 seconds to get to their next class. To say that the halls of Oakleaf High School remained, until the shrill of that warning bell blasted, packed, was an understatement. To reduce the socializing that took place in between classes (that which our three vice principals thought aided tardiness) our principal (Mr. Broski) did away with the warning bell. The first week of the new policy showed promising results in more regions than one: tardiness was at a low, there were less accidents on the stairs (since people were not flying down them, racing to class), and the hallways were finally navigable! In this way Oakleaf High School (the system) killed not two, but three birds with one stone! The stone, or goal in this case, being the pursuit of reducing socializing in between classes. 3. Negative Entropy: Negative entropy is the system property by which a system is able to preserve itself and additionally promote the system’s growth. The notion of negative entropy extensively harps on the significance of a system engaging in necessary exchangesnecessary in that these exchanges permit system survival and success with its environment. In this way, negative entropy suggests that a system’s exhibits a definite dependence on a circulation of information/components shared between it and its environment. Negative Entropy Example: An example of multifinality can be found in the closing-down of Blockbusters nation-wide. Blockbuster was a booming movie and game rental business, before entertainment conveniences like Netflix arrived on the scene. Blockbuster remained closed to its environment in that by the time it considered incorporating methods liken to Netflix and OnDemand (online access to entertainment, mail services, etc.) it was too late and they had suffered irrecoverable blows to their revenue. Ultimately Blockbuster would go out of business, shutting down all of their corporate-owned stores. The CEO’s of Blockbuster primarily owe their failure to a stinted interaction with their environment. The failure to see and adjust to the world of entertainment around them, especially methods of renting/viewing entertainment from the convenience of your home, delineates how they ignored the very environment responsible for their system’s (Blockbuster’s) viability. An argument can definitely be made that the company might have otherwise avoided deterioration if they had maintained an ebb and flow of information between themselves and the progressing environment around them. 4. Requisite Variety: Requisite variety is another system property in which the imperativeness of the relationship between a system and its environment is addressed. Requisite variety is, in itself, self-explanatory. Put a simple â€Å"of† in the middle of requisite and variety and you end up with a concise explanation of the notion: requisite of variety. Meaning, the variety within a system (its inner workings, fundamentals, mechanics, etc.) imposes the requisition that the system’s environment be composed of a liken variety. Basically, the environment of a system should match the system’s innards itself, with regard to complication and diversity (for evolution and survival). Why is this necessary? A system that is ill-equipped to handle/adapt to the intricacies of its environment will be overrun with complication and falter. Requisite Variety Example: The easiest way for me to apply this property is to think about instances in which I (the system) have felt overwhelmed and unable to adapt to the intricacies of the situation around me (the environment). A year ago I was my neighbor’s go-to babysitter. She had the kindest, most docile baby boy: Ethan. He was no problem to babysit; easy to entertain, not a picky-eater, and knocked right out after a bedtime story or two. My means of handling him were ingrained and perfected, and so when Barbara (my neighbor) asked if would mind looking after Mateo and Carlos (Ethan’s cousins) I told her that would be no problem. Unbeknownst to me, Mateo and Carlos were far from the little angel that Ethan was. Mateo was lactose intolerant and Carlos had ADHD which was in full-throttle come 8 o’clock. On top of all of this, Barbara requested I watch the boys at their (Mateo and Carlos’s) house because Ethan was spending the night there. I found mys elf unprepared to surmount the obstacles my environment had set in my path; the change in house layout made it impossible to find simple items, I couldn’t find anything (nutritious, anyway) to feed Mateo, Carlos had Ethan on the brink of tears because he was tired and agitated and Carlos kept messing with him, and all three of them seemed unresponsive to my suggestion that everybody go to bed. The end-result was me calling Barbara to admit defeat and ask that she come back home. Thus we have I, the system, was not unable to keep up with the diversity and complications that my environment imposed. This resulted in system failure, as requisite variety confirms it will. References J.Y. Shah, A. Fishbach, R. Friedman, W. Chun, and D. Sleeth-Keppler (2002), â€Å"A Theory of  Goals Systems,† in Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 34, M.P. Zanna,  ed. New York: Academic Press, 331–78.

Flagella And Cilia :: essays research papers

FlagellaFlagella are necessary for the active movement of bacterial cells and protozoa. Flagella are single, whip-like structures that propel an organism through an aquatic environment. They use undulatory motions, where the waves of motion start at the base of the flagellum. The size, the volume of the medium, the length, position and width of the flagella on the organism determine the direction and speed propulsion of the cell. There are three different types of flagella movement. They are either planar, oarlike beating, or three dimensional waves.In the three dimensional wave movement, the flagella whips back and forth. As a result, the organism moves forward in the direction of the flagellum.The planar waves are mostly asymmetrical, and are on a single plane. The planar waves make the protozoan rotate on it’s longitudinal axis. The direction of movement is opposite of the direction of the wave.The oarlike flagellar movement is the same as planer, but the waves are often v ery asymmetrical, and have more side to side swing. Also, the protozoan usually rotates and moves with the flagellum from the front end.CiliaCilia are tiny hairlike appendices that swim or beat individually or in large fields. They work like flexible oars. The movement of each cilia must be closely coordinated with all of the other cilia. This is called metachronal rhythm, which is a wave of simultaneously beating groups of cilia moving from the anterior to posterior end of the organism and is responsible for the transport of objects and materials.Cilia play an important role in nearly all life functions in most species in the animal kingdom, including humans. Some of which are, feeding, reproduction, sensing, swimming, and transportation. Since they are so important, there has been a great deal of research done on them. Hancock made the first theoretical breakthrough in the mid-50’s, although cilia have been known about for 250 years. Flagella And Cilia :: essays research papers FlagellaFlagella are necessary for the active movement of bacterial cells and protozoa. Flagella are single, whip-like structures that propel an organism through an aquatic environment. They use undulatory motions, where the waves of motion start at the base of the flagellum. The size, the volume of the medium, the length, position and width of the flagella on the organism determine the direction and speed propulsion of the cell. There are three different types of flagella movement. They are either planar, oarlike beating, or three dimensional waves.In the three dimensional wave movement, the flagella whips back and forth. As a result, the organism moves forward in the direction of the flagellum.The planar waves are mostly asymmetrical, and are on a single plane. The planar waves make the protozoan rotate on it’s longitudinal axis. The direction of movement is opposite of the direction of the wave.The oarlike flagellar movement is the same as planer, but the waves are often v ery asymmetrical, and have more side to side swing. Also, the protozoan usually rotates and moves with the flagellum from the front end.CiliaCilia are tiny hairlike appendices that swim or beat individually or in large fields. They work like flexible oars. The movement of each cilia must be closely coordinated with all of the other cilia. This is called metachronal rhythm, which is a wave of simultaneously beating groups of cilia moving from the anterior to posterior end of the organism and is responsible for the transport of objects and materials.Cilia play an important role in nearly all life functions in most species in the animal kingdom, including humans. Some of which are, feeding, reproduction, sensing, swimming, and transportation. Since they are so important, there has been a great deal of research done on them. Hancock made the first theoretical breakthrough in the mid-50’s, although cilia have been known about for 250 years.